What do you know about thyroid cancer?
“what is cancer?”
Cancer is an abnormal growth of cells in the tissues of the patient’s body. This growth in cells does not respond to the processes that govern the normal growth of cells, but continues without regard to the body’s needs.
“What is the thyroid gland?”
The thyroid gland is located on both sides of the trachea, under the larynx (in the shape of a butterfly, the size of a chicken egg). It warms the larynx and is responsible for secreting hormones that control growth, development, and vital processes in the human body.
“thyroid cancer”
Thyroid cancer is a malignant disease that affects children and adults. It is widespread in the State of Qatar among women aged 20-50 years, and its incidence rate is about 2% of the incidence rate of other cancers.
“tumor formation”
The disease is characterized by rapid, uncontrolled disturbances and divisions within the nucleus due to a disturbance in the functioning of the genes that control cell division, and this leads to abnormal growth in a specific area of the human body. Cancer grows inside the thyroid gland in the form of a nodule with a hard texture and curvy surfaces, and it has the ability to invade tissues adjacent to it and far from it through blood and lymphatic vessels. The tumor puts pressure on the cells, leading to their inflammation. This tumor has the ability to form substances such as (collagens) that have a negative effect. On the rest of the cells in the body.
* Papillary carcinoma
The most common rate is (60-70%) of thyroid cancer. Women are affected more than men at a rate of (2-3). It is the most malignant and fastest growing in adulthood. It spreads through the lymphatic vessels.
* Follicular carcinoma
It is a collection of cells with fluid inside it. A rate of 20% of thyroid cancers is widespread among women, especially in old age.
* Solid pulp carcinoma
It constitutes about 10% of thyroid cancers. It occurs in families or individuals. It is transmitted in a somatic manner. Transmission occurs through the lymphatic routes to the cervical nodes. Metastases may occur to the liver, lungs, and bones with dense calcifications. On histological examination, C cells are detected, which produce a lot of thyroid cancer. Calcitonin.
* Anaplastic carcinoma
It constitutes about 5% of thyroid cancers. It occurs in adulthood. It spreads rapidly among women.
“Causes of thyroid cancer”
1- Genetic and physical changes.
2- The gland is exposed to radiation, especially during childhood.
3- Genetic factors, including MEN (multiple endocrine carcinoma).
4- There are unknown types of cancer.
“Symptoms of thyroid cancer”
1- Abnormal growth in the thyroid gland.
2- Enlargement of the thyroid gland and the presence of a solid mass.
3- Hoarseness in the voice.
4- Difficulty swallowing.
5- Weight loss.
6- Often there are no symptoms.
